Herpetofauna of Periyar Tiger Reserve
The term herpetofauna refers to both reptiles and amphibians—a fascinating and ecologically significant group of vertebrates. The study of these animals falls under herpetology, a branch of zoology that focuses on poikilothermic (cold-blooded), ectothermic tetrapods (four-limbed vertebrates), excluding fish.
Periyar Tiger Reserve, nestled in the Western Ghats—a global biodiversity hotspot—is home to an impressive variety of herpetofauna. The reserve harbors 48 species of reptiles and 29 species of amphibians, many of which are endemic (found nowhere else in the world).
Reptiles Found in Periyar
Periyar’s reptile population includes snakes, lizards, turtles, and more. Notable species include:
-
King Cobra (Ophiophagus hannah)
-
Malabar Pit Viper
-
Travancore Wolf Snake
-
Green Vine Snake
-
Indian Rock Python
-
Monitor Lizards
-
Brahminy Skink
-
Travancore Tortoise (endemic)
Amphibians Found in Periyar
Amphibians here are predominantly frogs and toads, many thriving in the wet, forested environments:
-
Malabar Gliding Frog
-
Günther’s Toad
-
Wrinkled Frog species (Nyctibatrachus spp.)
-
Bush Frogs (Raorchestes spp.)
-
Torrent Frogs
-
Diverse tree frogs, many of which are endemic to the Western Ghats
These creatures are crucial indicators of ecological health—particularly amphibians, which are highly sensitive to environmental changes.
